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Nocturnal oximetry and transcutaneous carbon dioxide in home-ventilated neuromuscular patients
Nardi J., et al. Respiratory Care. 2012.
This study on adult neuromuscular disorder patients with nocturnal alveolar hypoventilation found that most patients with CO2 abnormalities had normal SpO2, concluding that SpO2 alone is insufficient for detecting alveolar hypoventilation in these cases.
Utility of transcutaneous capnography for optimization of non-invasive ventilation pressures
Chhajed P.N., et al. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2016.
This article examines the use of end-tidal and transcutaneous monitoring in the sleep lab. It finds that during NPPV, due to mask flow and leaks, end-tidal CO2 is may be unreliable, making transcutaneous CO2 (tcpCO2) a better option for continuous PaCO2 monitoring.
Monitoring of patients receiving mechanical ventilation
Storre J.H., et al. Pneumologie. 2014.
"Since tcpCO2 monitoring is non-invasive, does not disrupt sleep, and offers a more complete picture of alveolar ventilation than intermittent capillary PaCO2, it should be the preferred method for assessing alveolar ventilation during nocturnal NIV."
Transcutaneous monitoring as a replacement for arterial PCO(2) monitoring during nocturnal non-invasive ventilation
Storre J.H., et al. Respiratory Med. 2011.
"Although the measurement of [PaCO2] is regarded as the gold standard technique for PCO2 assessment, it is an invasive and painful method requiring an ABG analysis... and only reflects a snapshot of the potentially varying ventilatory status..."
Transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring with reduced-temperature probes in very low birth weight infants
Aly S., et al. American Journal of Perinatology. 2017.
In this study, 50 preterm infants under 1500g were monitored for 12 hours with Sentec transcutaneous monitoring, and no skin harm was detected.
Impact of continuous capnography in ventilated neonates: a randomized, multicenter study
Kugelman A., et al. The Journal of Pediatrics. 2016.
This study found that continuous CO2 visibility was linked to significantly less time at unsafe CO2 levels and a lower rate of IVH and PVL in the patient group with visible CO2 values.
Neonatal transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring–effect on clinical management and outcomes
Mukhopadhyay S., et al. Respiratory Care. 2016.
A study at Children’s Hospital of Pennsylvania’s then level III NICU found that introducing transcutaneous monitoring led to a ~25% reduction in blood gas tests for ventilated patients.
Continuous noninvasive carbon dioxide monitoring in neonates: from theory to standard of care
Hochwald O., et al. Pediatrics. 2019.
This review establishes the connection between abnormal carbon dioxide levels and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), as well as the need for titrated ventilatory support to protect neonatal lungs.
A quality improvement bundle to improve outcomes in extremely preterm infants in the first week
Travers, C.P., et al. Pediatrics. 2022.
The NICU at UAB reduced the rate of severe ICH or death in the first week after birth by over 10% after implementing a care bundle, which included transcutaneous monitoring to target a CO2 range of 40-60 mmHg.
Iatrogenic blood loss in extreme preterm infants due to frequent laboratory tests and procedures
Counsilman C.E., et al. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. 2019.
This article links frequent blood sampling to iatrogenic anemia, transfusion, and related risks. The authors recommend using transcutaneous monitoring as part of a comprehensive approach to minimize blood loss in the NICU.
